HIS - Dissertação

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    Diáspora Sikh en Argentina: Contexto Transnacional y Causas de la Inmigración Sikh en el Noroeste Argentino (NOA) entre 1890 - 1930
    (2022) Martínez, Matías Maximiliano; Oliveira, Mirian Santos Ribeiro de
    In Argentina, immigration has played a crucial role in its social, political and cultural formation. n the period between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, known as the period of "mass immigration", the country received the largest contingent of immigrants in its history. According to the 1914 National Census, people of foreign origin came to represent 29.9% of the country's total population and were composed, for the most part, of migrants from Italy and Spain. However, during that period, smaller groups of different origins also arrived in Argentina, among them, immigration of Indian origin related to the British Empire. This dissertation aims to deepen the context and causes that led to the arrival of these immigrants to Argentina between 1890 - 1930. Through the analysis of the primary sources of this research, we have been able to confirm that these people came from Punjab, a northern region of the Indian subcontinent, that they identified themselves as Sikhs and that they settled in Northwest Argentina (NOA). Thus, this dissertation is divided into four parts. In the first, we will contextualize and explain what the NOA is and what are the reasons that drive the development of this research. In the second part, we will seek to define what diasporas are, from a historical point of view, and what is the Sikh diaspora and its difference with the Indian and Punjabi diaspora. Subsequently, we will present the sources available for this research and systematize the information they offer about Sikh immigration in the NOA. Finally, we will contextualize this immigration process in order to show how it is inserted in a global and/or transnational framework. The third part proposes to delve into the dynamics of Indian immigration and other Asian origins in South America, in general, and in Argentina, specifically, between 1890 - 1930 with the aim of understanding the relevant historical processes of the Asian presence in this region. Its purpose is to understand how the Sikh immigration in Argentina is inserted in this context. Finally, in the fourth part we will present the life trajectory of Dhan Singh, a Sikh considered pioneer in the conformation of the Sikh community of Rosario de la Frontera, Salta. In it, we will deal with his migratory process, his adaptation in the NOA and the processes surrounding the formation of this community: chain migration and the creation of the temple.