Desenvolvimento de um microconcreto com bioreceptividade na região de Foz do Iguaçu/PR
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Data
2017-12-15
Autores
Sosa Gonzalez, Victor Raul
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O concreto biológico é um material de recente desenvolvimento, cujo propósito é de ser um novo conceito de jardim vertical, com importantes vantagens em questões ambientais e de eficiência energética com relação aos sistemas convencionais. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver e avaliar o conceito de bioreceptividade do material frente ao clima da cidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. Para tal fim, foram estudadas diferentes dosagens de concreto biológico, com variação do conteúdo de pasta, relação a/c e granulometria. Também, analisou-se os componentes do concreto, bem como, o próprio material de acordo com os seguintes critérios: i) Determinação e caracterização da dosagem do Cimento fosfato de magnésio; ii) Determinação da porosidade e resistência à compressão no estado endurecido do concreto; iii) Avaliação evolutiva da bioreceptividade do material ante exposição ao clima da cidade. Para tais análises, produziu-se amostras com dois tipos de cimento, CFM (Cimento fosfato de magnésio) e CPII-Z (Cimento Portland composto com pozolana). O acompanhamento das amostras expostas ao ambiente natural se deu de forma diária e continua durante 8 semanas, registrando o controle mediante fotografias. Com os resultados obtidos, observou-se que a exposição das amostras ao ambiente apresentou a proliferação significativa de microrganismos heterótrofos (fungos) na sua superfície, demonstrando ter a capacidade de crescimento e suporte. Também, verificou-se que a resistência à compressão tem um ligeiro aumento. Desta maneira pode-se concluir que foi viável desenvolver um material com bioreceptividade e com propriedades necessárias para a última camada de um sistema de jardim vertical na região de Foz do Iguaçu/PR.
The biological concrete is a newly developed material whose purpose is to be a new concept of vertical garden, with important advantages in environmental and energy efficiency issues compared to conventional systems. Thus, this work aims to develop and evaluate the concept of bioreceptivity of the material against the climate of the city of Foz do Iguaçu / PR. For this purpose, different dosages of biological concrete were studied, with variation of the pulp content, a / c ratio and granulometry. Also, the components of the concrete as well as the material itself were analyzed according to the following criteria: i) Determination and characterization of the magnesium phosphate cement dosage; ii) Determination of the porosity and compressive strength in the hardened state of the concrete; iii) Evolutionary evaluation of the bioreceptivity of the material before exposure to the climate of the city. For these analyzes, samples were produced with two types of cement, MPC (Magnesium phosphate cement) and PCII-Z (Portland Cement composed of pozzolana). The monitoring of samples exposed to the natural environment occurred daily and continued for 8 weeks, recording the control through photographs. With the results obtained, it was observed that the exposure of the samples to the environment showed a significant proliferation of heterotrophic microorganisms (fungi) on their surface, showing the capacity of growth and support. Also, it has been found that the compressive strength has a slight increase. In this way it can be concluded that it was feasible to develop a material with bioreceptivity and with properties necessary for the last layer of a vertical garden system in the Foz do Iguaçu / PR region
The biological concrete is a newly developed material whose purpose is to be a new concept of vertical garden, with important advantages in environmental and energy efficiency issues compared to conventional systems. Thus, this work aims to develop and evaluate the concept of bioreceptivity of the material against the climate of the city of Foz do Iguaçu / PR. For this purpose, different dosages of biological concrete were studied, with variation of the pulp content, a / c ratio and granulometry. Also, the components of the concrete as well as the material itself were analyzed according to the following criteria: i) Determination and characterization of the magnesium phosphate cement dosage; ii) Determination of the porosity and compressive strength in the hardened state of the concrete; iii) Evolutionary evaluation of the bioreceptivity of the material before exposure to the climate of the city. For these analyzes, samples were produced with two types of cement, MPC (Magnesium phosphate cement) and PCII-Z (Portland Cement composed of pozzolana). The monitoring of samples exposed to the natural environment occurred daily and continued for 8 weeks, recording the control through photographs. With the results obtained, it was observed that the exposure of the samples to the environment showed a significant proliferation of heterotrophic microorganisms (fungi) on their surface, showing the capacity of growth and support. Also, it has been found that the compressive strength has a slight increase. In this way it can be concluded that it was feasible to develop a material with bioreceptivity and with properties necessary for the last layer of a vertical garden system in the Foz do Iguaçu / PR region
Abstract
Descrição
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado a Banca Examinadora do Curso de Engenharia Civil de Infraestrutura da UNILA, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do Grau de Bacharel em Engenharia Civil.
Orientadora: Prof a . Dr a . Ana Carolina Parapinski
dos Santos
Palavras-chave
Concreto biológico, Bioreceptividade, Microrganismo, Meio ambiente