A dinâmica de metacomunidades de macroalgas de riachos na bacia hidrográfica do Paraná III
Data
2015
Autores
Tavares, Diego Alberto
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Resumo
Macroalgas são consideradas importantes produtores primários de riachos. O estudo sobre
a dinâmica dessas comunidades no tempo e espaço são importantes para o conhecimento
sobre o grupo, bem como para estabelecer estratégias para a sua conservação. Apesar de
muitos trabalhos sobre aspectos ecológicos destas algas terem sido desenvolvidos no
mundo todo, muitas perguntas ainda permanecem não respondidas. Diante disso, o objetivo
deste trabalho foi estudar as macroalgas de riachos, através das perspectivas da teoria de
metacomunidades. Assim foi avaliada a importância relativa de fatores ambientais e
espaciais na dinâmica destas metacomunidades de macroalgas de riachos.
Adicionalmente, foi analisada a dinâmica das metacomunidades de cada grupo taxonômico
de macroalgas (Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Ochrophyta e Rhodophyta) avaliando a
influência das variáveis físicas, químicas e estruturais dos riachos e a sua variação espacial.
O trabalho foi desenvolvido em 52 riachos localizados na Bacia Hidrográfica do Paraná III
com as coletas sendo realizadas através da técnica da transeção. Foram consideradas dez
variáveis ambientais que se consideram importantes para macroalgas de riachos. A análise
foi desenvolvida no software R utilizando um conjunto de técnicas baseadas na Análises de
Redundância Parcial (pRDA). Os resultados mostraram o papel de cada conjunto de
preditores na explicação da variação das macroalgas em geral e de cada grupo
especificamente. A metacomunidade de macroalgas na região foi significativamente
explicada pelos fatores ambientais (sombreamento e condutividade) e espaciais, tendo sua
dinâmica explicada pela triagem de espécies e efeito de massa. Entre os grupos
taxonômicos estudados, somente a metacomunidade de Chlorophyta pode ser explicada
pelos fatores ambientais (sombreamento, sólidos totais dissolvidos e substrato estável) e
espaciais, no qual a triagem de espécies é o modelo da teoria de metacomunidades que
melhor explica a variação na composição destas macroalgas na Bacia Hidrográfica do
Paraná III
Macroalgae are considered important primary producers of streams. The study of the dynamics of these communities in time and space are important for the knowledge about the group, and to establish strategies for their conservation. Although many studies on ecological aspects of these algae have been developed worldwide, many questions remain unanswered. The objective of this work was to study the stream macroalgae through the perspectives of metacommunities theory. Thus, it was evaluated the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors in the dynamics of these stream macroalgae metacommunities. Additionally, we analyzed the dynamics of metacommunities of each macroalgae taxonomic group (Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Ochrophyta and Rhodophyta) evaluating the influence of physical, chemical and structural variables of streams and their spatial variation. The study was conducted in 52 streams located in the Paraná III Basin with the collections being held by the transect technique. Ten environmental variables were measured, which are considered important for stream macroalgae. The analysis was developed in the R software using a set of techniques based on Analysis of Partial Redundancy (pRDA). The results showed the role of each set of predictors in the explanation of the variation of macroalgae in general and specifically for each group. The macroalgae metacommunity in the region was significantly explained by environmental factors (shading and conductivity) and spatial, with its dynamic explained by species sorting and mass effect. Among taxonomic groups, only Chlorophyta metacommunity can be explained by environmental factors (shading, total dissolved solids and stable substrate) and spatial, in which the species sorting is the model of metacommunities theory that best explains the variation in the composition of these macroalgae in the Paraná III Basin
Macroalgae are considered important primary producers of streams. The study of the dynamics of these communities in time and space are important for the knowledge about the group, and to establish strategies for their conservation. Although many studies on ecological aspects of these algae have been developed worldwide, many questions remain unanswered. The objective of this work was to study the stream macroalgae through the perspectives of metacommunities theory. Thus, it was evaluated the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors in the dynamics of these stream macroalgae metacommunities. Additionally, we analyzed the dynamics of metacommunities of each macroalgae taxonomic group (Chlorophyta, Cyanobacteria, Ochrophyta and Rhodophyta) evaluating the influence of physical, chemical and structural variables of streams and their spatial variation. The study was conducted in 52 streams located in the Paraná III Basin with the collections being held by the transect technique. Ten environmental variables were measured, which are considered important for stream macroalgae. The analysis was developed in the R software using a set of techniques based on Analysis of Partial Redundancy (pRDA). The results showed the role of each set of predictors in the explanation of the variation of macroalgae in general and specifically for each group. The macroalgae metacommunity in the region was significantly explained by environmental factors (shading and conductivity) and spatial, with its dynamic explained by species sorting and mass effect. Among taxonomic groups, only Chlorophyta metacommunity can be explained by environmental factors (shading, total dissolved solids and stable substrate) and spatial, in which the species sorting is the model of metacommunities theory that best explains the variation in the composition of these macroalgae in the Paraná III Basin
Abstract
Descrição
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao
Instituto Latino-Americano de Ciências da Vida e
da Natureza da Universidade Federal da
Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito
parcial à obtenção do título de Bacharel em
Ciências Biológicas: Ecologia e Biodiversidade.
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Cleto Kaveski Peres
Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Michel Varajão Garey
Palavras-chave
Variação espacial, Ambientes lóticos, Subtropical, Algas Bentônicas
Citação
TAVARES, Diego Alberto. A Dinâmica de Metacomunidades de Macroalgas de Riachos na Bacia Hidrográfica do Paraná III. 2015. 44. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Ciências Biológicas: Ecologia e Biodiversidade) – Universidade Federal da Integração Latino- Americana, Foz do Iguaçu, 2015