Arte, Historia y Estado nacional: una exploración en torno a La Primera Misa en Chile (1904) de Pedro Subercaseaux.
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Data
2015
Autores
Sosa Vota, María Silvina
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Resumo
El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo general entender la pintura La Primera Misa en Chile (1904) del artista chileno Pedro Subercaseaux (1880 – 1956). El estudio de dicha pintura, está enmarcado dentro del proceso de consolidación de los Estados nacionales de América Latina y a partir de la investigación se buscó reflexionar sobre cómo la pintura dialoga con ese proceso en el caso específico de Chile. El tema de la primera misa en las artes visuales tiene una tradición de representación que debió ser abordada para entender la propuesta plástica de Subercaseaux en relación a un ámbito mayor que el nacional. Específicamente al tratar del caso chileno, se emprendió un camino en el cual fueron abordados asuntos que propiciaron a un entendimiento de la pintura en cuanto fenómeno cultural en el cual convergen diferentes fuerzas de poder. Así, fue necesario entender el contexto histórico del surgimiento de la pintura, el sujeto productor de la misma, el estado de las llamadas “Bellas Artes” en la transición del siglo XIX al XX, la recepción de las artes visuales en el período y los diferentes espacios de circulación y legitimación. El discurso propuesto por La primera misa en Chile coincidió con la necesidad del Estado de aglutinar ciudadanos en torno de un proyecto de nación civilizada y moderna que se enmarcase dentro de una cultura ligada a Francia y a la vez, con España por motivo de los entonces próximos festejos del Centenario de la Independencia de 1910. Por estos motivos, la pintura tuvo la aprobación oficial y hasta el día de hoy es colocada como elemento de ilustración de la historia dentro del Museo Histórico Nacional de Chile, como una “ventana hacia el pasado” sin problematizar su contenido visual.
The main objective of this work is to analyze the painting La Primera Misa en Chile (1904) by the Chilean artist Pedro Subercaseaux (1880 – 1956). The process of Nation State consolidation in Latin America defines the study of that painting. This investigation allows thinking about how the painting talks to this process in the specific case of Chile. The issue of the first mass in visual arts has a tradition of representations that had to be worked to understand the proposal of Subercaseaux. Studying Chilean case, were boarded subjects that enable to understand the painting as cultural phenomenon, in which converge different power forces. In this way, was necessary to know about the historical context, the producer artist, the condition of “Fine Arts” in the transition from 19 th to 20 th century, the reception of visual arts in the period and the different circulation spaces and legitimation. The speech proposed by La primera misa en Chile agreed with the necessity of the State to bind citizens around a same project of civilized and modern nation, related to French culture and, at the same time with Spain, because of the nearly Centenary commemoration of Independence in 1910. In fact, the painting had the official approbation and, until today, it is exposed as an illustration of Chilean history at the Chilean National History Museum, as a “window to the past”, without questioning its visual contents.
The main objective of this work is to analyze the painting La Primera Misa en Chile (1904) by the Chilean artist Pedro Subercaseaux (1880 – 1956). The process of Nation State consolidation in Latin America defines the study of that painting. This investigation allows thinking about how the painting talks to this process in the specific case of Chile. The issue of the first mass in visual arts has a tradition of representations that had to be worked to understand the proposal of Subercaseaux. Studying Chilean case, were boarded subjects that enable to understand the painting as cultural phenomenon, in which converge different power forces. In this way, was necessary to know about the historical context, the producer artist, the condition of “Fine Arts” in the transition from 19 th to 20 th century, the reception of visual arts in the period and the different circulation spaces and legitimation. The speech proposed by La primera misa en Chile agreed with the necessity of the State to bind citizens around a same project of civilized and modern nation, related to French culture and, at the same time with Spain, because of the nearly Centenary commemoration of Independence in 1910. In fact, the painting had the official approbation and, until today, it is exposed as an illustration of Chilean history at the Chilean National History Museum, as a “window to the past”, without questioning its visual contents.
Abstract
Descrição
Trabalho de conclusão de curso apresentado ao Instituto Latino-Americano de Arte, Cultura e História da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Bacharel em História – América Latina. Orientadora: Prof. Dra. Rosangela de Jesus Silva.
Palavras-chave
Pedro Subercaseaux (1880–1956), Artes visuales, Historia de la pintura
Citação
SOSA VOTA, María Silvina. Arte, Historia y Estado nacional: una exploración en torno de La Primera Misa en Chile (1904) de Pedro Subercaseaux. 137 p. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em História – América Latina) – Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, 2015.