A instalação das Lojas Francas e seus impactos em Foz do Iguaçu e Região
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Data
2020-05-08
Autores
Fonseca, Sandreia
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Resumo
Desde 2018, a Receita Federal do Brasil abriu espaço para que as cidades gêmeas de fronteira terrestre formalizassem um novo tipo de comércio: as lojas francas. Esse novo regime tributário permite o comércio de mercadorias com suspensão e isenção de determinados impostos. Em junho de 2019, as primeiras lojas inauguraram no Brasil, no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foz do Iguaçu já soma duas lojas do mesmo modelo prontas para inaugurarem. Nesse sentido, as narrativas, presentes desde a publicação da Instrução Normativa nº 1799/2018, trouxeram importantes debates e muitas dúvidas, tanto por parte de empresários locais, quanto dos países vizinhos. Ademais, considerando que esta temática envolve fatores como: 1) relação comercial entre lojas francas e empresas locais; 2) os impactos causados na economia do Paraguai e Argentina; 3) possibilidade de se tornar um estimulador da economia de compras local e 4) fomento a novos investimentos, foi elaborado este estudo. Dessa forma, partiu-se das premissas apresentadas e da relação entre comércio e o território, formando as respostas a esses questionamentos. As bases utilizadas foram a pesquisa bibliográfica e a pesquisa documental, combinadas com a pesquisa de campo, que possibilitou a captação de dados para o resultado da problemática apresentada. A linha temporal foi modificada e determinada em função de um novo fator global: o novo Coronavírus. Esse fator, notadamente, foi o responsável pelo recorte temporal desta pesquisa, considerando-se os impedimentos físicos para sua manutenção. Mas, ao fim, alcançou-se o objetivo de demonstrar como as lojas francas atuariam no cenário municipal e regional, até abril de 2020. Resumidamente, a pesquisa que iniciou em meados do ano de 2018, com grande motivação sobre o tema e, determinada a lograr êxito em apresentar esse novo regime de comércio como uma grande oportunidade para a cidade, acabou por consolidar-se como algo que poderá trazer benefícios econômicos sim, mas morosamente e certamente, não com o arroubo esperado.
Since 2018, the Federal Revenue of Brazil hasopened space for border the twin cities on the land border to formalize a new type of trade:duty-free stores. Thisnew tax regime allows trade in goods with suspension and exemption from certain taxes. In June 2019, the first stores opened in Brazil, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Foz do Iguassu already has two stores of the same model ready to open. In this sense, the narratives, present since the publication of Normative Instruction nº 1799/2018, brought important debates and many doubts, both on the part of local businessmen and neighboring countries. Furthermore, considering that this theme involves factors such as: 1) commercial relationship between duty-free stores and local companies; 2) the impacts on the economy of Paraguay and Argentina; 3) the possibility of becoming a stimulator of the local purchasing economy and 4) fostering new investments, this study was prepared. In this way, we started from the premises presented and the relationship betwen trade and the territory, forming the answers to these questions. The bases used were bibliographic research and documentary research, combined with field research, which enabled the capture of data for the result of the presented problem. The timeline was modified and determined according to a new global factor: the new Coronavirus. This factor, notably, was responsible for the new time frame of this research, considering the physical impediments to its maintenance. But, in the end, the objective was reached to demonstrate how duty-free stores would operate in the municipal and regional scenario, until april2020. In summary, the research that started in the middle of 2018, with great motivation on the subject and, determined to succeed in presenting this new trade regime as a great opportunity for the city, ended up consolidating itself as something that could bring economic benefits, yes, but slowly and certainly not with the expected outburst.
Depuis 2018, lesrecettes fédérales du Brésilont ouvert un espace aux villes jumelles de lafrontalière terrestre pour officialiser unnouveau type de commerce: boutiques hors taxes. Ce nouveau régime fiscal permet le commerce dês marchandises avec suspension et exonération de certines taxes. En juin 2019, les premiers magasins ont ouvert au Brésil, dans I’État de Rio Grande do Sul. Foz do Iguassu dispose déjà de deux magasins du même modèle prêts à ouvrir. En ce sens, les récits, présents depuis la publication de l’instruction normative nº 1799/2018, ont suscite d’importants débats et nombreux doutes, tant de la part des hommes d’affaires loucaux que des pays voisins. En outre, considérant que ce thème implique des facteurs tels que: 1) les relations commerciales entre les boutiques hors taxes et les entrepises locales; 2) les impacts sur l’économie du Paraguay et de l’Argentine; 3) la possibilite de devenir unstimulant de l’économie locale d’achat et 4) la promotion de nouveaux investissements, cette étude a été préparée. Ainsi, nous sommes partis des prémisses présentées et de la relation entre le commerce et le territoire, formant les résponses à ces questions,des données pour le résultat du problème présenté. La chronologiea été modifiée et déterminée selon un nouveau facteur global: le nouveau Coronavirus. Ce facteur, notamment, était responsable du nouveau calendrier de cette recherche, compte, l’objectif a été atteint de démontrer commentles magasins hors taxes fonctionneraient dans le scénario municipal et regional, jusqu’enavril2020. En résumé, les recherches qui ont commencé mi-2018, avec une grande motivation sur le sujet et, déterminées à réussir à présenter ce nouveau régime commercial comme une belle opportunité pour la ville, ont fini par se consolider comme quelque chose qui pourrait apporter avantages économiques, oui, mais lentement et certainement pas avec l'explosion attendue.
Since 2018, the Federal Revenue of Brazil hasopened space for border the twin cities on the land border to formalize a new type of trade:duty-free stores. Thisnew tax regime allows trade in goods with suspension and exemption from certain taxes. In June 2019, the first stores opened in Brazil, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Foz do Iguassu already has two stores of the same model ready to open. In this sense, the narratives, present since the publication of Normative Instruction nº 1799/2018, brought important debates and many doubts, both on the part of local businessmen and neighboring countries. Furthermore, considering that this theme involves factors such as: 1) commercial relationship between duty-free stores and local companies; 2) the impacts on the economy of Paraguay and Argentina; 3) the possibility of becoming a stimulator of the local purchasing economy and 4) fostering new investments, this study was prepared. In this way, we started from the premises presented and the relationship betwen trade and the territory, forming the answers to these questions. The bases used were bibliographic research and documentary research, combined with field research, which enabled the capture of data for the result of the presented problem. The timeline was modified and determined according to a new global factor: the new Coronavirus. This factor, notably, was responsible for the new time frame of this research, considering the physical impediments to its maintenance. But, in the end, the objective was reached to demonstrate how duty-free stores would operate in the municipal and regional scenario, until april2020. In summary, the research that started in the middle of 2018, with great motivation on the subject and, determined to succeed in presenting this new trade regime as a great opportunity for the city, ended up consolidating itself as something that could bring economic benefits, yes, but slowly and certainly not with the expected outburst.
Depuis 2018, lesrecettes fédérales du Brésilont ouvert un espace aux villes jumelles de lafrontalière terrestre pour officialiser unnouveau type de commerce: boutiques hors taxes. Ce nouveau régime fiscal permet le commerce dês marchandises avec suspension et exonération de certines taxes. En juin 2019, les premiers magasins ont ouvert au Brésil, dans I’État de Rio Grande do Sul. Foz do Iguassu dispose déjà de deux magasins du même modèle prêts à ouvrir. En ce sens, les récits, présents depuis la publication de l’instruction normative nº 1799/2018, ont suscite d’importants débats et nombreux doutes, tant de la part des hommes d’affaires loucaux que des pays voisins. En outre, considérant que ce thème implique des facteurs tels que: 1) les relations commerciales entre les boutiques hors taxes et les entrepises locales; 2) les impacts sur l’économie du Paraguay et de l’Argentine; 3) la possibilite de devenir unstimulant de l’économie locale d’achat et 4) la promotion de nouveaux investissements, cette étude a été préparée. Ainsi, nous sommes partis des prémisses présentées et de la relation entre le commerce et le territoire, formant les résponses à ces questions,des données pour le résultat du problème présenté. La chronologiea été modifiée et déterminée selon un nouveau facteur global: le nouveau Coronavirus. Ce facteur, notamment, était responsable du nouveau calendrier de cette recherche, compte, l’objectif a été atteint de démontrer commentles magasins hors taxes fonctionneraient dans le scénario municipal et regional, jusqu’enavril2020. En résumé, les recherches qui ont commencé mi-2018, avec une grande motivation sur le sujet et, déterminées à réussir à présenter ce nouveau régime commercial comme une belle opportunité pour la ville, ont fini par se consolider comme quelque chose qui pourrait apporter avantages économiques, oui, mais lentement et certainement pas avec l'explosion attendue.
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestra em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Gilson Batista de Oliveira
Palavras-chave
Comércio - Foz do Iguaçu, Lojas Francas - Foz do Iguaçu, Desenvolvimento econômico