Migração, Oralidade e Literatura na Experiência com Estudantes do Haiti na Tríplice Fronteira
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Data
2018-05-11
Autores
Dias, Waldson de Almeida
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Resumo
Neste começo de século XXI o Haiti é considerado o país mais pobre do continente americano e o que tem sofrido catástrofes sociais e naturais capazes de ter uma grande parte de sua população migrante em outros países. Essa dissertação nasce em um encontro casual com um grupo de haitianos migrantes em busca de uma vida melhor no Brasil. Nasce no desejo de conhecer um pouco mais aquelas pessoas, não somente as que seguiram viagem, mas as que já haviam chegado ao Brasil e, as que ainda nem haviam saído do Haiti. Nasce no desejo de conhecer a história de um passado comum a todas elas, de compartilhar suas histórias, seus sonhos, suas perspectivas de futuro e um pouco da vida no Brasil. Dividida em quatro capítulos, essa dissertação traz a oralidade, a migração e a literatura como elementos fundamentais para o conhecimento do Haiti e dos haitianos. No primeiro ocupo-me de mostrar a oralidade dos haitianos como transmissora da cultura ancestral de um povo que foi escravizado e se tornou a primeira república negra livre no mundo. O segundo capítulo mostro uma visão de um dos maiores problemas do século XXI, o processo migratório que afeta muitos povos e alguns tipos de migração que aconteceram através dos séculos. No terceiro capítulo apresento a cidade de foz do Iguaçu, uma cidade que se diz intercultural e que se localiza no oeste do Paraná, Brasil e faz fronteira com Argentina e Paraguai. Foz é a cidade sede da UNILA, a Universidade que recebe o estudante migrante haitiano que será a espinha dorsal desta dissertação, uma vez que todos os capítulos serão permeados pela vivencia destes estudantes em terras brasileiras e a relação com a história que trazem por serem haitianos. O quarto e último capitulo mostro os autores haitianos e a literatura interna e externa ao país; os de “dentro” e os “de fora”, os que vivem no Haiti e os da diáspora, assim como são categorizados os autores haitianos. Através desta literatura e da análise do Projeto Rasanbleman, criado pelos próprios alunos haitianos, será mostrada a influência que o Haiti exerceu sobre o processo do movimento da negritude e como esse movimento analisa a própria literatura haitiana, dentro de um processo de retroalimentação dos escritores caribenhos.
At the beginning of this 21st century, Haiti is considered the poorest country in the Americas. The country has suffered social and natural calamities that caused a large part of its population to migrate to other countries. This dissertation was born from a casual encounter with a group of Haitian migrants in search of a better life in Brazil. It was born from the desire to know a little more about those people, not only those in transit, but those who were already in Brazil, and those who had not yet left Haiti. It is born from the desire to know their history, their common past, and to share their stories, their dreams, their life perspectives, and also their life in Brazil. This work is composed of four chapters around the main subjects of orality, migration, and literature, as fundamental elements to better get to know Haiti and its people. In the first chapter, I tried to show Haitian orality as the mean to preserve the ancestral culture of its people that was once enslaved and became the first free black republic in the world. The second chapter presents a vision of one of the greatest problems of the 21st century, the migratory process affecting millions, and some of the different types of migration that took place over the centuries. Finally, the third chapter is about the so called intercultural city of Foz do Iguaçu located to the west of the state of Paraná, in the Brazilian borders with Argentina and Paraguay. Foz do Iguaçu is the host city of UNILA, a University receiving Haitian migrant students, the backbone of this dissertation, since all the chapters will be permeated by their experience in Brazilian lands and their relationship with the history they bring for being Haitians. The fourth and last chapter presents Haitian authors, inland and migrant authors, "insiders" and "outsiders", those living in Haiti and those part of the diaspora, as Haitian authors are categorized. It is through literature and through the analysis of the Rasanbleman project created by the Haitian students themselves that Haiti's influence on the negritude movement and how it considers Haitian literature, as part of a feedback process between Caribbean writers, will be shown
At the beginning of this 21st century, Haiti is considered the poorest country in the Americas. The country has suffered social and natural calamities that caused a large part of its population to migrate to other countries. This dissertation was born from a casual encounter with a group of Haitian migrants in search of a better life in Brazil. It was born from the desire to know a little more about those people, not only those in transit, but those who were already in Brazil, and those who had not yet left Haiti. It is born from the desire to know their history, their common past, and to share their stories, their dreams, their life perspectives, and also their life in Brazil. This work is composed of four chapters around the main subjects of orality, migration, and literature, as fundamental elements to better get to know Haiti and its people. In the first chapter, I tried to show Haitian orality as the mean to preserve the ancestral culture of its people that was once enslaved and became the first free black republic in the world. The second chapter presents a vision of one of the greatest problems of the 21st century, the migratory process affecting millions, and some of the different types of migration that took place over the centuries. Finally, the third chapter is about the so called intercultural city of Foz do Iguaçu located to the west of the state of Paraná, in the Brazilian borders with Argentina and Paraguay. Foz do Iguaçu is the host city of UNILA, a University receiving Haitian migrant students, the backbone of this dissertation, since all the chapters will be permeated by their experience in Brazilian lands and their relationship with the history they bring for being Haitians. The fourth and last chapter presents Haitian authors, inland and migrant authors, "insiders" and "outsiders", those living in Haiti and those part of the diaspora, as Haitian authors are categorized. It is through literature and through the analysis of the Rasanbleman project created by the Haitian students themselves that Haiti's influence on the negritude movement and how it considers Haitian literature, as part of a feedback process between Caribbean writers, will be shown
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-
Graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos Latino-
Americanos da Universidade Federal da
Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito
parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Estudos
Latino-Americanos.
Orientador: Profa. Dra. Alai Garcia Diniz
Palavras-chave
Haiti, Migração, Oralidade, Diáspora, Literatura haitiana
Citação
DIAS, Waldson de Almeida. Migração, Oralidade e Literatura na Experiência com Estudantes do Haiti na Tríplice Fronteira, 2018. 125 p. Dissertação de Mestrado ( Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Estudos Latino-Americanos) – Universidade Federal da
Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA), Foz do Iguaçu, 2018.